Basic Description

Synonyms	PTIO \| MFCD00059929 \| 1H-Imidazol-1-yloxy, 4,5-dihydro-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-phenyl-, 3-oxide \| PTIO (2-Phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-3-oxide-1-oxyl) \| A5440 \| 4,5-Dihydro-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-phenyl-1H-imidazol-1-yloxy-1-oxide \| 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5
Specifications & Purity	≥98%(T)
Biochemical and Physiological Mechanisms	2-phenyl-4, 4, 5, 5,-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl 3-oxide (PTIOs) derivatives react with nitric oxide (NO) to yield the corresponding imino nitroxides (PTIs) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2).A stable radical scavenger for nitric oxide; affects NO without affec
Storage Temp	Store at 2-8°C
Shipped In	Wet ice
Product Description	2-phenyl-4, 4, 5, 5,-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl 3-oxide (PTIO) has been used as a nitric oxide (NO) scavenger.

Associated Targets(Human)

TYR Tclin Tyrosinase (717 Activities)

Discover Target: TYR

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Associated Targets(non-human)

PC-12 (7051 Activities)

Explore this target

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

RAW264.7 (28094 Activities)

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Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Mechanisms of Action

Mechanism of Action	Action Type	target ID	Target Name	Target Type	Target Organism	Binding Site Name	References

Names and Identifiers

Pubchem Sid	504761011
Pubchem Sid Url	https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/substance/504761011
INCHI	InChI=1S/C13H17N2O2/c1-12(2)13(3,4)15(17)11(14(12)16)10-8-6-5-7-9-10/h5-9H,1-4H3
InChi Key	DYUUGILMVYJEHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Canonical SMILES	CC1(C([N+](=C(N1[O])C2=CC=CC=C2)[O-])(C)C)C
Isomeric SMILES	CC1(C([N+](=C(N1[O])C2=CC=CC=C2)[O-])(C)C)C
PubChem CID	2733513
Molecular Weight	233.29
Reaxy-Rn	13743042

Certificates（CoA,COO,BSE/TSE and Analysis Chart)

C of A & Other Certificates(BSE/TSE, COO):

Analytical Chart:

Find and download the COA for your product by matching the lot number on the packaging.

11 results found

Lot Number	Certificate Type	Date	Item
F2413193	Certificate of Analysis	Jun 03, 2024	P160514
C2310418	Certificate of Analysis	Dec 22, 2022	P160514
E2529150	Certificate of Analysis	Nov 25, 2022	P160514
A2423068	Certificate of Analysis	Nov 25, 2022	P160514
C2310314	Certificate of Analysis	Nov 25, 2022	P160514
C2310326	Certificate of Analysis	Nov 25, 2022	P160514
K2204799	Certificate of Analysis	May 12, 2022	P160514
K2428173	Certificate of Analysis	May 12, 2022	P160514
E2224112	Certificate of Analysis	May 12, 2022	P160514
E2224092	Certificate of Analysis	May 12, 2022	P160514
D2213021	Certificate of Analysis	Mar 22, 2022	P160514

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Chemical and Physical Properties

Solubility	Soluble in methanol.
Sensitivity	heat sensitive；light sensitive
Molecular Weight	233.290 g/mol
XLogP3	1.200
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	1
Rotatable Bond Count	1
Exact Mass	233.129 Da
Monoisotopic Mass	233.129 Da
Topological Polar Surface Area	33.000 Å²
Heavy Atom Count	17
Formal Charge	0
Complexity	316.000
Isotope Atom Count	0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count	0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count	0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count	0
The total count of all stereochemical bonds	0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count	1

Safety and Hazards(GHS)

Pictogram(s)	GHS07
Signal	Warning
Hazard Statements	H315:Causes skin irritation H319:Causes serious eye irritation H335:May cause respiratory irritation
Precautionary Statements	P261:Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapors/spray. P305+P351+P338:IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do - continue rinsing. P280:Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P302+P352:IF ON SKIN: wash with plenty of water. P321:Specific treatment (see ... on this label). P405:Store locked up. P501:Dispose of contents/container to ... P264:Wash hands [and …] thoroughly after handling. P271:Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. P304+P340:IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. P403+P233:Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. P362+P364:Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse. P264+P265:Wash hands [and …] thoroughly after handling. Do not touch eyes. P337+P317:If eye irritation persists: Get medical help. P332+P317:If skin irritation occurs: Get medical help. P319:Get medical help if you feel unwell.
Reaxy-Rn	13743042

Specifications

Molar extinction coefficient(EtOH, 358.0 to 362.0 nm)	≥10000
Purity(NonaqueousTitration)	97.5-102.5（%）
Lambda max	358-362（nm）
Proton NMR spectrum	Conforms to Structure
Appearance(P160514)	Blue to Dark blue powder to crystal

Specification Sheet

Citations of This Product

How to Cite Aladdin Scientific Products?

1. Mengge Feng, Xuelian Zeng, Quan Lin, Yunxiao Wang, Hongjiang Wei, Shanyi Yang, Guangwei Wang, Xingyu Chen, Mengqin Guo, Xin Yang, Jun Hu, Yangge Du, Yanbing Zhao, Yufeng Zhang, Xiangliang Yang. (2023) Characterization of Chitosan-Gallic Acid Graft Copolymer for Periodontal Dressing Hydrogel Application. Advanced Healthcare Materials, (23): (2302877). [PMID:38041691] [10.1002/adhm.202302877]
2. Yiping Wu, Lulu Du, Xiaoning Xu, Yuhan Hu, Jia Liu, Jingwei Zhang, Lei Lei, Wenfang He, Zihao Sheng, Yuanao Ni, Jia Qu, Xingyi Li, Jun Jiang. (2023) Nano Self-Assemblies of Caffeic Acid–Fibronectin Mimic a Peptide Conjugate for the Treatment of Corneal Epithelial Injury. MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS, 20 (11): (5937–5946). [PMID:37871179] [10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00861]
3. Lin Zhao, Jing Zhang, Jun Ma. (2023) PTIO as a redox mediator to enhance organic contaminants oxidation by permanganate. WATER RESEARCH, 244 (120500). [PMID:37633207] [10.1016/j.watres.2023.120500]
4. Zhi-Tong Zhang, Yue Jiang, Yali Qi, Huanhuan Guan, Lei Bai, Pan Chen, Wufeng Gao, Guo-Dong Zhuang, Tulin Lu, Guojun Yan. (2023) Comparative study on Angelica sinensis after different processing with yellow rice wine in color, aromas, chemical components, and antioxidant activities. Food Chemistry-X, 19 (100822). [PMID:37780300] [10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100822]
5. Si-Yu Gui, Xin-Chen Wang, Zhi-Hao Huang, Mei-Mei Li, Jia-Hao Wang, Si-Yin Gui, Gan-Hua Zhang, Yao Lu, Li-Ming Tao, Hai-Sheng Qian, Zheng-Xuan Jiang. (2023) Nanoscale Coordination Polymer Fe-DMY Downregulating Poldip2-Nox4-H2O2 Pathway and Alleviates Diabetic Retinopathy. Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, [PMID:38174114] [10.1016/j.jpha.2023.05.002]
6. Huitong Luo, Zetao Wang, Zhichao He, Zemin Ling, Hao Wang, Jiayi Zhu, Jingjun Nie, Dafu Chen, Qi Feng, Xiaodong Cao. (2023) Injectable chondroitin sulfate-grafted self-antioxidant hydrogels ameliorate nucleus pulposus degeneration against overactive inflammation. Biomaterials Science, 11 (10): (3629-3644). [PMID:37010367] [10.1039/D3BM00359K]
7. Qiongdan Hu, Ruyu Ma, Xinxing Tang, Rui Long, Qi Wang, Chaomei Fu, Rui Li, Hang Xiao. (2023) Self-assembled nanoparticles of curcuminoids and soluble dietary fibers: Characterization and mechanism. LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, 173 (114375). [PMID:] [10.1016/j.lwt.2022.114375]
8. Zuyu He, Yunhao Liu, Hui Wang, Puwang Li, Yu Chen, Chao Wang, Chuang Zhou, Shuhui Song, Shaohua Chen, Guocong Huang, Ziming Yang. (2023) Dual-grafted dextran based nanomicelles: Higher antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cellular uptake efficiency for quercetin. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES, 224 (1361). [PMID:36306905] [10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.222]
9. Jun Cheng, Qun Liu, Yucang Zhang, Zhifen Wang, Mengmeng Gao, Siyuan Li. (2021) Preparation and properties of antibacterial and antioxidant mango peel extract/polyvinyl alcohol composite films. JOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION, 46 (1): (e16206). [PMID:] [10.1111/jfpp.16206]
10. Jun Cheng, Xiaotong Lin, Xialing Wu, Qun Liu, Shoumei Wan, Yucang Zhang. (2021) Preparation of a multifunctional silver nanoparticles polylactic acid food packaging film using mango peel extract. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES, 188 (678). [PMID:34343590] [10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.161]
11. Danwei Yue, Weirong Cai, Bole Ding, Han Zhu, Jingjing Li, Yin Zhu. (2021) Separation and preparation of the main flavonoids in Flos Dolichoris Lablab and their antioxidant activity. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH, [PMID:] [10.3136/fstr.27.429]
12. Juanjuan Yao, Huiying Zhang, Longfu Chen, Wei Liu, Naiyun Gao, Shiyi Liu, Xiangyu Chen, Fanghui Rao. (2021) The Roles of Sono-induced Nitrosation and Nitration in the Sono-degradation of Diphenylamine in Water: Mechanisms, Kinetics and Impact Factors. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS, 402 (123720). [PMID:33254758] [10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123720]
13. Jumin Yang, Wenguang Liu, Wei Wang. (2025) A supramolecular hydrogel leveraging hierarchical multi-strength hydrogen-bonds hinged strategy achieving a striking adhesive-mechanical balance. Bioactive Materials, 43 (32). [PMID:39318637] [10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.09.014]
14. Fanyi Guo, Jianfeng Li, Ziyu Chen, Tianxiao Wang, Ruyu Wang, Tianyao Wang, Yifeng Bian, Yifei Du, Hua Yuan, Yongchu Pan, Jianliang Jin, Huijun Jiang, Feng Han, Jiandong Jiang, Fan Wu, Yuli Wang. (2024) An Injectable Black Phosphorus Hydrogel for Rapid Tooth Extraction Socket Healing. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 16 (20): (25799-25812). [PMID:38727024] [10.1021/acsami.4c03278]
15. Liping Yu, Wang Cheng, Meifen Tian, Zhigang Wu, Xiaoli Wei, Xing Cheng, Mingwei Yang, Xuan Ma. (2024) Antioxidant Activity and Volatile Oil Analysis of Ethanol Extract of Phoebe zhennan S. Lee et F. N. Wei Leaves. Forests, 15 (2): (236). [PMID:] [10.3390/f15020236]
16. Bin Cheng, Jie Zhou, Xu Wang, Zihan He, Zhengyi Xu, Jian Wang, Junyu Chen, Zhou Zhu, Weifeng Zhao, Qianbing Wan, Xibo Pei. (2024) Dual-responsive metal polyphenol network nanosheets for diabetic wound healing. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL, 494 (153071). [PMID:] [10.1016/j.cej.2024.153071]
17. Ziwen Wang, Dongdong Wang, Jiaxuan Fang, Zixin Song, Jiman Geng, Jianfei Zhao, Yifan Fang, Changtao Wang, Meng Li. (2024) Green and efficient extraction of flavonoids from Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt. leaves based on natural deep eutectic solvents: Process optimization, component identification, and biological activity. FOOD CHEMISTRY, (139508). [PMID:38733681] [10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139508]
18. Xiang Li, Wenli Han, Gao He, Jiahao Yang, Jing Li, Hongxia Ma, Shige Wang. (2024) Hydrogel-Transformable Antioxidant Poly-γ-Glutamic Acid/Polyethyleneimine Hemostatic Powder for Efficient Wound Hemostasis. Gels, 10 (1): (68). [PMID:38247790] [10.3390/gels10010068]
19. Gang Feng, Yifan Wu, Xinzi He, Tingting Ye, Shang Chi, Xiaoxiao Ji, Jiawei Kang, Kaicheng Xu, JinFeng Zhou, Zhihui Xiang, Wei Wang, Yaping Li, Yiying Qi. (2025) Lubricated hydrogel with STING-inhibiting EXOs protect the osteoarthritis by suppressing the senescent microenvironment. Nano Today, 62 (102688). [PMID:] [10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102688]
20. Zhiqing Liu, Tianlong Wang, Lei Zhang, Yiping Luo, Jinhui Zhao, Yixing Chen, Yao Wang, Wentao Cao, Xinyu Zhao, Bingqiang Lu, Feng Chen, Zifei Zhou, Longpo Zheng. (2024) Metal–Phenolic Networks-Reinforced Extracellular Matrix Scaffold for Bone Regeneration via Combining Radical-Scavenging and Photo-Responsive Regulation of Microenvironment. Advanced Healthcare Materials, (2304158). [PMID:38319101] [10.1002/adhm.202304158]
21. Zhibin Ren, Xiaoying Liu, Guanghao Lv, Xiaiting Wang, Jingli Wang, Wei Wu, Xingyi Li, Jiaqing Wang. (2025) Mitochondrial Localization of Antioxidant Nanodrug Suppresses Ocular Inflammation by Alleviating Oxidative Stress on Cells. CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL, (e202402441). [PMID:39833114] [10.1002/chem.202402441]
22. Shun Xiao, Xiaozhi Sun, Chong Wang, Jianlie Wu, Kun Zhang, Mingjin Guo, Bing Liu. (2024) Nanomicrosphere sustained-release urokinase systems with antioxidant properties for deep vein thrombosis therapy. RSC Advances, 14 (10): (7195-7205). [PMID:38419677] [10.1039/D3RA07221E]
23. Liya Fan, Xiaoxuan Xi, Xiaoyan Zhao, Xiao Zhu. (2025) Preparation of composite hydrogel with mechanical stability and temperature response for tea polyphenol release. COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS, 707 (135831). [PMID:] [10.1016/j.colsurfa.2024.135831]
24. Enhui Xu, Hainan Yu, Wei Wu, Bolin Ji, Xueling Feng, Hong Xu, Yi Zhong, Bijia Wang, Zhiping Mao. (2024) Preparation of high antioxidant nanolignin and its application in cosmetics. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES, 272 (132635). [PMID:38797295] [10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132635]
25. Wenjing Ma, Mingjun Tang, Siying Li, Yongqun Ma, Min Ling, Wenqian Sheng. (2025) The effect of hydrogen bonding strength in natural deep eutectic solvents on the extraction efficiency of polyphenols. MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL, 208 (112379). [PMID:] [10.1016/j.microc.2024.112379]
26. Mingjun Tang, Min Ling, Wenjing Ma, Wenqian Sheng, Wenjun Yan. (2025) The Elucidation of the Critical Role of HLB value in Microemulsions Formulation. ChemNanoMat, (e202400554). [PMID:] [10.1002/cnma.202400554]

References

1. Mengge Feng, Xuelian Zeng, Quan Lin, Yunxiao Wang, Hongjiang Wei, Shanyi Yang, Guangwei Wang, Xingyu Chen, Mengqin Guo, Xin Yang, Jun Hu, Yangge Du, Yanbing Zhao, Yufeng Zhang, Xiangliang Yang. (2023) Characterization of Chitosan-Gallic Acid Graft Copolymer for Periodontal Dressing Hydrogel Application. Advanced Healthcare Materials, (23): (2302877). [PMID:38041691] [10.1002/adhm.202302877]
2. Yiping Wu, Lulu Du, Xiaoning Xu, Yuhan Hu, Jia Liu, Jingwei Zhang, Lei Lei, Wenfang He, Zihao Sheng, Yuanao Ni, Jia Qu, Xingyi Li, Jun Jiang. (2023) Nano Self-Assemblies of Caffeic Acid–Fibronectin Mimic a Peptide Conjugate for the Treatment of Corneal Epithelial Injury. MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS, 20 (11): (5937–5946). [PMID:37871179] [10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00861]
3. Lin Zhao, Jing Zhang, Jun Ma. (2023) PTIO as a redox mediator to enhance organic contaminants oxidation by permanganate. WATER RESEARCH, 244 (120500). [PMID:37633207] [10.1016/j.watres.2023.120500]
4. Zhi-Tong Zhang, Yue Jiang, Yali Qi, Huanhuan Guan, Lei Bai, Pan Chen, Wufeng Gao, Guo-Dong Zhuang, Tulin Lu, Guojun Yan. (2023) Comparative study on Angelica sinensis after different processing with yellow rice wine in color, aromas, chemical components, and antioxidant activities. Food Chemistry-X, 19 (100822). [PMID:37780300] [10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100822]
5. Si-Yu Gui, Xin-Chen Wang, Zhi-Hao Huang, Mei-Mei Li, Jia-Hao Wang, Si-Yin Gui, Gan-Hua Zhang, Yao Lu, Li-Ming Tao, Hai-Sheng Qian, Zheng-Xuan Jiang. (2023) Nanoscale Coordination Polymer Fe-DMY Downregulating Poldip2-Nox4-H2O2 Pathway and Alleviates Diabetic Retinopathy. Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, [PMID:38174114] [10.1016/j.jpha.2023.05.002]
6. Huitong Luo, Zetao Wang, Zhichao He, Zemin Ling, Hao Wang, Jiayi Zhu, Jingjun Nie, Dafu Chen, Qi Feng, Xiaodong Cao. (2023) Injectable chondroitin sulfate-grafted self-antioxidant hydrogels ameliorate nucleus pulposus degeneration against overactive inflammation. Biomaterials Science, 11 (10): (3629-3644). [PMID:37010367] [10.1039/D3BM00359K]
7. Qiongdan Hu, Ruyu Ma, Xinxing Tang, Rui Long, Qi Wang, Chaomei Fu, Rui Li, Hang Xiao. (2023) Self-assembled nanoparticles of curcuminoids and soluble dietary fibers: Characterization and mechanism. LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, 173 (114375). [PMID:] [10.1016/j.lwt.2022.114375]
8. Zuyu He, Yunhao Liu, Hui Wang, Puwang Li, Yu Chen, Chao Wang, Chuang Zhou, Shuhui Song, Shaohua Chen, Guocong Huang, Ziming Yang. (2023) Dual-grafted dextran based nanomicelles: Higher antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cellular uptake efficiency for quercetin. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES, 224 (1361). [PMID:36306905] [10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.222]
9. Jun Cheng, Qun Liu, Yucang Zhang, Zhifen Wang, Mengmeng Gao, Siyuan Li. (2021) Preparation and properties of antibacterial and antioxidant mango peel extract/polyvinyl alcohol composite films. JOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION, 46 (1): (e16206). [PMID:] [10.1111/jfpp.16206]
10. Jun Cheng, Xiaotong Lin, Xialing Wu, Qun Liu, Shoumei Wan, Yucang Zhang. (2021) Preparation of a multifunctional silver nanoparticles polylactic acid food packaging film using mango peel extract. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES, 188 (678). [PMID:34343590] [10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.161]
11. Danwei Yue, Weirong Cai, Bole Ding, Han Zhu, Jingjing Li, Yin Zhu. (2021) Separation and preparation of the main flavonoids in Flos Dolichoris Lablab and their antioxidant activity. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH, [PMID:] [10.3136/fstr.27.429]
12. Juanjuan Yao, Huiying Zhang, Longfu Chen, Wei Liu, Naiyun Gao, Shiyi Liu, Xiangyu Chen, Fanghui Rao. (2021) The Roles of Sono-induced Nitrosation and Nitration in the Sono-degradation of Diphenylamine in Water: Mechanisms, Kinetics and Impact Factors. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS, 402 (123720). [PMID:33254758] [10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123720]
13. Jumin Yang, Wenguang Liu, Wei Wang. (2025) A supramolecular hydrogel leveraging hierarchical multi-strength hydrogen-bonds hinged strategy achieving a striking adhesive-mechanical balance. Bioactive Materials, 43 (32). [PMID:39318637] [10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.09.014]
14. Fanyi Guo, Jianfeng Li, Ziyu Chen, Tianxiao Wang, Ruyu Wang, Tianyao Wang, Yifeng Bian, Yifei Du, Hua Yuan, Yongchu Pan, Jianliang Jin, Huijun Jiang, Feng Han, Jiandong Jiang, Fan Wu, Yuli Wang. (2024) An Injectable Black Phosphorus Hydrogel for Rapid Tooth Extraction Socket Healing. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 16 (20): (25799-25812). [PMID:38727024] [10.1021/acsami.4c03278]
15. Liping Yu, Wang Cheng, Meifen Tian, Zhigang Wu, Xiaoli Wei, Xing Cheng, Mingwei Yang, Xuan Ma. (2024) Antioxidant Activity and Volatile Oil Analysis of Ethanol Extract of Phoebe zhennan S. Lee et F. N. Wei Leaves. Forests, 15 (2): (236). [PMID:] [10.3390/f15020236]
16. Bin Cheng, Jie Zhou, Xu Wang, Zihan He, Zhengyi Xu, Jian Wang, Junyu Chen, Zhou Zhu, Weifeng Zhao, Qianbing Wan, Xibo Pei. (2024) Dual-responsive metal polyphenol network nanosheets for diabetic wound healing. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL, 494 (153071). [PMID:] [10.1016/j.cej.2024.153071]
17. Ziwen Wang, Dongdong Wang, Jiaxuan Fang, Zixin Song, Jiman Geng, Jianfei Zhao, Yifan Fang, Changtao Wang, Meng Li. (2024) Green and efficient extraction of flavonoids from Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt. leaves based on natural deep eutectic solvents: Process optimization, component identification, and biological activity. FOOD CHEMISTRY, (139508). [PMID:38733681] [10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139508]
18. Xiang Li, Wenli Han, Gao He, Jiahao Yang, Jing Li, Hongxia Ma, Shige Wang. (2024) Hydrogel-Transformable Antioxidant Poly-γ-Glutamic Acid/Polyethyleneimine Hemostatic Powder for Efficient Wound Hemostasis. Gels, 10 (1): (68). [PMID:38247790] [10.3390/gels10010068]
19. Gang Feng, Yifan Wu, Xinzi He, Tingting Ye, Shang Chi, Xiaoxiao Ji, Jiawei Kang, Kaicheng Xu, JinFeng Zhou, Zhihui Xiang, Wei Wang, Yaping Li, Yiying Qi. (2025) Lubricated hydrogel with STING-inhibiting EXOs protect the osteoarthritis by suppressing the senescent microenvironment. Nano Today, 62 (102688). [PMID:] [10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102688]
20. Zhiqing Liu, Tianlong Wang, Lei Zhang, Yiping Luo, Jinhui Zhao, Yixing Chen, Yao Wang, Wentao Cao, Xinyu Zhao, Bingqiang Lu, Feng Chen, Zifei Zhou, Longpo Zheng. (2024) Metal–Phenolic Networks-Reinforced Extracellular Matrix Scaffold for Bone Regeneration via Combining Radical-Scavenging and Photo-Responsive Regulation of Microenvironment. Advanced Healthcare Materials, (2304158). [PMID:38319101] [10.1002/adhm.202304158]
21. Zhibin Ren, Xiaoying Liu, Guanghao Lv, Xiaiting Wang, Jingli Wang, Wei Wu, Xingyi Li, Jiaqing Wang. (2025) Mitochondrial Localization of Antioxidant Nanodrug Suppresses Ocular Inflammation by Alleviating Oxidative Stress on Cells. CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL, (e202402441). [PMID:39833114] [10.1002/chem.202402441]
22. Shun Xiao, Xiaozhi Sun, Chong Wang, Jianlie Wu, Kun Zhang, Mingjin Guo, Bing Liu. (2024) Nanomicrosphere sustained-release urokinase systems with antioxidant properties for deep vein thrombosis therapy. RSC Advances, 14 (10): (7195-7205). [PMID:38419677] [10.1039/D3RA07221E]
23. Liya Fan, Xiaoxuan Xi, Xiaoyan Zhao, Xiao Zhu. (2025) Preparation of composite hydrogel with mechanical stability and temperature response for tea polyphenol release. COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS, 707 (135831). [PMID:] [10.1016/j.colsurfa.2024.135831]
24. Enhui Xu, Hainan Yu, Wei Wu, Bolin Ji, Xueling Feng, Hong Xu, Yi Zhong, Bijia Wang, Zhiping Mao. (2024) Preparation of high antioxidant nanolignin and its application in cosmetics. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES, 272 (132635). [PMID:38797295] [10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132635]
25. Wenjing Ma, Mingjun Tang, Siying Li, Yongqun Ma, Min Ling, Wenqian Sheng. (2025) The effect of hydrogen bonding strength in natural deep eutectic solvents on the extraction efficiency of polyphenols. MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL, 208 (112379). [PMID:] [10.1016/j.microc.2024.112379]
26. Mingjun Tang, Min Ling, Wenjing Ma, Wenqian Sheng, Wenjun Yan. (2025) The Elucidation of the Critical Role of HLB value in Microemulsions Formulation. ChemNanoMat, (e202400554). [PMID:] [10.1002/cnma.202400554]

Solution Calculators

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SKU	Size	Availability	Price	Qty
P160514-250mg	250mg	4	$79.90
P160514-1g	1g	5	$249.90

PTIO - >98.0%(T), high purity , CAS No.18390-00-6